Investment Appraisal Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Venture Appraisal Project - Essay Example WACC=wdkd(1-T)+wpkp+wsks Whereâ Kd = enthusiasm on debtâ Kp = cost of inclination sharesâ Ks = cost of offers and held earnings.â WACC is determined by increasing the expense of value by the market estimation of the value and cost of obligation by the market estimation of the obligation. Cost of value can be characterized as the base pace of return that an organization must produce and offer to their speculators so as to give an arrival on their venture and for expecting some degree of hazard. On the off chance that the organization doesn't offer this hazard to the financial specialists, quite possibly the investors may sell these offers in the market. Selling of the organization offers can be deciphered as a negative sign for the money related viewpoint of the organization and will put a descending effect available estimation of the organization. Cost of company’s value can be determined through ‘Dividend Growth Model’ and ‘Capital Asset estimating model.’ The recipe for profit development model is as per the following. E = Do Ke - g Where E is the market estimation of the value, Do is the ongoing profit delivered or the profit anticipated for the following year, Ke is the expense of the value and g is the development pace of the profit. The profit development model accept that the profit develops in unendingness at a positive rate. This development rate can be registered by watching the verifiable profit example of the organization and ascertaining the development rate through basic rebate rate equation. Cost of obligation is really the rate at which the current estimation of the premium installments and recovery sums rises to the current market estimation of the obligation. The accompanying recipe further explains. Where M is the market estimation of the security right now on which it is being exchanged the market, I is the premium installment and kd is the pace of return required by the obligation holder. From the re cipe it can undoubtedly be reasoned that the market estimation of any security is the current estimation of the premium installment. Be that as it may, the above equation is just pertinent on account of obligation having development till unendingness. On the off chance that expense is included, the intrigue is taken after assessment. Cost of obligation is fundamentally the inner pace of return. As gave in the given data, the company’s obligation value proportion is half, which implies that half of its tasks are financed through obligation and the other half is through value. The organization has accessible money equalization of ?450,000 and along these lines, in the event that the organization picks to buy any of the structures, it should give securities by gaining more obligation. Since the organization foresees that the loan fees are probably going to be expanded later on, it is judicious to raise more assets through value so as to diminish the effect of expanded money char ge on the productivity of the organization. The undertaking viable requires a cautious estimation of all the applicable expenses and incomes; a confusion in the figure will cause a blunder in the task net present worth, which may bring about the acknowledgment of a venture which isn't monetarily practical. Computation BASED ON DISCOUTNED CASHFLOW First, consider the structure A which costs ?1,112,000. The accompanying table presents the estimation of the Net Present Value (NPV) of the specific venture choice. Thing Amount in ? '000 Years Now 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Cost of the site (1,112) Cash in-stream

Global Financial Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Worldwide Financial Crisis - Essay Example Numerous experts and specialists around the globe accept that a genuine monetary downturn must be affirmed if GDP (Gross Domestic Product) development is negative for a time of at least two sequential quarters. The foundations of a downturn and its actual beginning stage really rest in the few fourth of positive yet easing back development before the downturn cycle truly starts. While the two quarter definition is acknowledged internationally, numerous financial specialists experience difficulty supporting it totally as it doesn't consider other significant monetary change factors. For example, current national joblessness rates or purchaser certainty and spending levels are each of the a piece of the financial framework and must be considered when characterizing a downturn and its characteristics. A financial downturn is principally ascribed to the activities taken to control the cash flexibly in an economy. The Central Bank is the office answerable for keeping up the fragile harmony between cash gracefully, loan costs, and swelling. At the point when this sensitive equalization is tipped, the economy is compelled to address itself. In a domain where expansion is predominant, individuals will in general cut out things like recreation spending. They additionally spending more, spend less on things they for the most part enjoy, and begin setting aside more cash than they. As individuals and organizations begin discovering approaches to reduce expenses and wreck unneeded uses, the GDP starts to decrease. At that point, joblessness rates will rise since organizations begin laying off specialists to reduce more expenses, since buyers are not spending as were they. It is these consolidated components that figured out how to drive the economy into a province of recession.(Sources: Recessiom.org) The change in outlook in the US economy was a major contributing variable. The economy moved to a help based economy from a transcendent assembling division. Constantly 2009, assembling and agribusiness established under 10% of the entire financial base. Decrease in assembling occurred fundamentally due to off shoring or redistributing yet inconceivably expanded profitability was the greater factor. Absence of security turned into an issue as the jobs pattern transformed from a drawn out work relationship to a momentary connections. The aftereffect of the move from assembling to support, so, has been a disaggregation of work in which the connections of laborers to specific firms is progressively dubious, expected residencies are shorter, and work environments themselves are regularly for a littler scope. The new convenient work included compact benefits; that is an annuity plan that moves with a worker when the individual in question changes the business. Benefits venture turned into a major business overwhelmed by institutional speculators. With a convenient characterized commitment frameworks benefits depends on speculation returns which made weight for exceptional yields and furthermore evacuated worker motivations to remain with a solitary firm. This brought about an endless loop of benefit weight and work flimsiness. (G.F. Davies, 2009) Following a time of monetary blast, a money related air pocket worldwide in scope-has now blasted. A breakdown of the US sub-prime home loan advertise and the inversion of the lodging blast in other industrialized economies have had a wave

Psychology, Theology in Chrisitian Counseling Essay

Outline The book starts with at brief choice as it tends to the significance of the instructor using the Christian confidence in guiding notwithstanding concentrating on the connection among brain science and religious philosophy. It tends to the issues and worries that religion may bring into advising meetings and how the advisor should address and handle these difficulties. McMinn addresses the realities that profound advancement must occur with the customer just as the instructor. The guide should by and by address the guideline of petition, sacred text, sin, admission, pardoning, and recovery these plans are a need for smooth meetings for the customer and advisor. The goal of the meetings is to make a sound feeling of self for the customer. When this goal is accomplished, the customer can move from being broken, and start a self-persuaded and satisfying relationship with God and others. In the area, Toward Psychological and Spiritual Health, McMinn centers his fundamental situation to the differed independence of an individual’s life. He recommends that Christian directing fortifies three territories of a person’s life: feeling of self, attention to human need, constraints, and trusting relational associations with God and others. The book seems, by all accounts, to be centered around the numerous significant traits of a Christian’s life for example petition, sacred text, sin, admission, absolution, and recovery all which ought to be the fundamental make-up of the Christian counselor’s strategy for treating client’s. Dr. McMinn (1996) accepts supplication ought to be utilized in and outside of the directing meeting, be that as it may; with alert. As indicated by McMinn (1996) Christian advisors ought to rely on Scripture for truth by deciding how to utilize it properly. The utilization of sacred writing ought to be used as a restorative mediation in the advising setting. What's more, it would exclusively rely on the client’s enthusiastic, mental and profound wellbeing and how it is seen. The parts are arranged in an exceptionally clear format. The parts have segments to address the difficulties instructors face, mental and profound wellbeing center focuses, and furthermore expected outcomes by each primary component of guiding †mental, philosophical, and otherworldly. McMinn further talks about the subjects of transgression, reclamation and pardoning. From the content, it is obvious that the conversation of transgression must be maneuvered carefully consistently. This subject ought to be drawn nearer with alert and possibly be talked about if there is a solid customer advisor relationship. Pardoning is one of different traits examined. Pardoning can lead a person to a solid and satisfying existence with others and self. It can deliver profound, mental and enthusiastic relief for a customer. Reclamation is the sole goal for advising and the guide should initially perceive his recovery before he is encouraged to be a vessel to reclaim another person. (Ephesians 1:7-8) In him we have recovery through his blood, the absolution of sins, as per the wealth of God’s effortlessness 8that he pampered on us with all shrewdness and comprehension. (NIV) Christ’s recovery has liberated us from blame, being â€Å"justified unreservedly by His elegance through the reclamation that is in Christ Jesus† (Romans 3:24). To be reclaimed we initially must be lost, isolated, and hostage, be in subjection, etc. On account of the Christian recovery definition, we are isolated from God and need reclamation to have the option to be accommodate back to God. Solid RESPONSE This book is an excellent framework of profound and mental wellbeing and working. It gives an exceptionally itemized framework of what a Christian guide ought to be. Having made them counsel meetings with my minister concerning bantering on separate, I had the option to identify with McMinns traces. My minister was firm and reliable and didn't waiver from the expression of God as it identified with my own issue at that point. Before the meetings start, one of the significant things my minister talked about with me was supplication. He asked before the meetings began in the event that I might want for him to supplicate and before the finish of every meeting. He exhorted me that through petition I would have the option to feel the nearness of God where I did. As I turned out to be more adjusted with my relationship with God, I had the option to feel his essence. Be that as it may; at certain focuses during the meetings I felt as though he was compelling his own convictions on me as it identified with separate. I was at a point in my life that separation seemed, by all accounts, to be the main choice I believed I had. With petition and the demonstration of pardoning and proceeded with endeavors, I had the option to excuse my companion and push ahead. After my meetings, I had the option to locate my solid feeling of self again which lead to an increasingly positive, sound and beneficial existence with my mate. REFLECTION The capability of advising must be painstakingly actualized all together for the advocate and customer to inevitably imagine and receive the rewards. This activity may not occur in a few meetings or may not occur at all relying on the advocate and client’s relationship. We as Christian instructors must outfit ourselves with the entire protection of God (Eph. 6:11, 13). The Holy Spirit ought to be amidst each advising meeting all together for the meetings to be gainful and prosperous. McMinn (1996) intra disciplinary way to deal with mending the passionate, mental, and profound existence of man must be made in little strides. One inquiry that rings a bell is the segment which identified with guiding teenagers. As per the book, a young person seems, by all accounts, to be the most hard to speak with. Taking into account the way that youngsters are confronted with a variety of complex circumstances every day, how might one adequately bring across data for an adolescent to see who is as of now experiencing a situation? Would a similar framework be utilized in treating grown-ups? Activity As I read Mark McMinn’s book I started to feel a yearning and hunger for the Word of God which turned out to be progressively pervasive as I kept on perusing. My soul started to look for a greater amount of God . It is evident that I should quick, supplicate and read my book of scriptures regularly so I can concentrate on God and assemble a closer relationship with him. This book is a great asset for directing for the individuals who need direction in consolidating otherworldly teaches in a commonly commanded society. The main way this will be instrumental in advising is to allude to its instructing and permit the Holy Spirit to make it favorable and satisfactory in the directing meeting. Numerous Christian instructors can utilize this asset to arrive at a degree of development that will convert into genuine recuperating and reclamation. As a Christian Counselor, I should initially perceive the way that every individual is diverse intellectually, truly and inwardly. Along these lines, various strategies must be used. There isn't a layout written in stone; every meeting advances into an alternate strategy as indicated by the customer and the positive or negative reaction of the past meetings. The data given by McMinn has really widened my viewpoint in regards to directing and the relationship I ought to have with God in reference to turning into an advisor. I would genuinely prescribe this book to any current advisors or those examining a directing profession. REFERENCE McMinn, Mark R. Brain research, Theology, and Spirituality In Christian Counseling. Hymn Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 1996.

Ambiguity Leads the Way - Literature Essay Samples

Dramatic tragedies are by definition plays that enact the struggle and downfall of their main character or characters. The Tragedy of Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, is a perfect example of this; the entire play portrays the fatalistic misadventure of the Macbeths. This Shakespearean play is emblematic for the omnipresent feeling of uncertainty it bears. Indeed, almost every situation carries paradoxical elements that flaws moral judgments. What presents itself as good augur often ends up being terrible. The world is presented as irrational, which can be observed throughout many aspects of the play.This feeling of uncertainty is brought to the audience at the very beginning of the play with the first of the strange and confusing scenes where the We ¿rd Sisters take part. After a short dialogue where they state that they must meet Macbeth after the battle, the witches leave the scene with their famous paradoxical line: Fair is foul, and foul is fair [. . .] (1.1.11). This con tradictory statement has a heavy impact on the essence of the play since it comes back very often in different forms. Essentially, it means that appearances are not what they seem to be; they are flawed and no proper judgment can be made of them. It is interesting to see how this idea links together many other aspects of the play. For example, the literary device irony, which is used repeatedly as we will see further, is defined by the Oxford Dictionary as the expression of meaning through the use of language which normally means the opposite; it takes us back to the statement of the witches and the falsehoods it carries. The consequences of these ambiguities are meaningful to the outcome of the play; they imply that no moral judgment will be helpful to clear out the plot justly and that at some moments the events might seem to make no sense.As explained above, the witches prophecies have an important role in delivering the omnipresent impression of fog; not only do they mislead the audience with their contradictory statements, but they also mislead Macbeth by chanting his first prophesy to him: Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor and eventually King of Scotland (1.3.48-50). At first glance, this prediction must be of good augur to Macbeths faith since it promises him kingship. However, by studying the prophecys impact on Macbeth, the confusion becomes clear. How could he possibly react to a prediction that grants him so much and at the same time foresees its revocation? Naturally, it becomes difficult for him to take position whether the omen should be considered as fair or foul: This supernatural soliciting / Cannot be ill, cannot be good (1.3.131-132). Most importantly, the prophecy misleads Macbeth into a devilish hunger for the crown: My thought, whose murder [of Duncan] yet is but fantastical, / Shakes so my single state of man [. . .] (1.3.140-141). What starts out as a fair foreshadowing suddenly becomes a foul and dark vision of Macbeths fai th. Another example of the witches participation is found in the second prophecy which they basically show to Macbeth. In this scene, Macbeth goes to the We ¿rd Sisters to know / By the worst means the worst [his faith] (3.4.135-136). Upon his arrival, Macbeth is quickly given his second prophecy: firstly he must take guard of Macduff (4.1.85-86), secondly no man born of woman will be able to harm him (4.1.94-95) and thirdly he will never be overcome until / Great Birnam Wood to high Dusinan Hill / Shall come against him (4.1.107-109). Similarly the first prophecy, the second is quite straightforward and delivers clearly its content. Once again, the prophecy lacks in details to understand it as a whole. This brings back the inherent confusion. Why should Macbeth fear Macduff if it is physically impossible for a forest to march or for a man not to be born of a woman? As a consequence of these predictions and their resulting confusions, Macbeth believes himself nearly invinc ible since he logically assumes that Macduff was born from a woman (4.1.96) and that it is impossible for the forest of Birnam to Unfix his earthbound roots (4.1.109-111). However, what has positively motivated Macbeth will eventually end-up being the cause of his downfall. His behavior stresses the dramatic irony since he will ultimately be slaughtered by Macduff who was not born from his mothers womb (5.7.45-46) and the marching forest of Dusinan which will only be hiding Seywards army (5.4.4-7). Therefore, the witches prophecies, as a result of their ambiguous nature, misled Macbeth to his doom by convincing him that they were of a good augur.According to the Oxford English Dictionary to equivocate means to use words than can be understood in more than one way in order to avoid the truth. It is interesting how evocation reflects the ambiguity of the play and how often it is used. The very first example is obviously the prophecies. As we discussed earlier, they continuously deliver their predictions in such a manner that Macbeth is unable to precisely figure out their true meaning. A second example is seen when Thane Macduff discusses with Ross after the death of Duncan:ROSS. How goes the world, sir, now?MACDUFF. Why, see you not?ROSS. Ist known who did this more than bloody deed?MACDUFF. Those that Macbeth hath slain.ROSS. Alas the day, What good could they pretend? (2.4.21-24)This passage can be divided into three different parts that individually stress the verbal irony of their discussion. The tone that Macduff uses to answer Ross first question is quite sarcastic and reveals well his thought on the present situation; he seems strickened by Ross passiveness and reverts the question in a tone that suggests is it not obvious enough? The second part is prominent for its meaningful irony. Macduffs answer to Ross seemingly means that the murderers of Duncan were his servants since Macbeth has executed them; when observed properly we see that it c ould also imply that Macbeth hath slain (2.4.23) the king, which reveals an evocative accusation and irony. Finally Ross claim that the servants had no advantage to slaughter their master is another argument that supports Macbeths guilt and completes the irony. Afterwards, another case of equivocation can be seen during the meeting of Macduff and Malcolm. At the beginning of their dialogue, Malcolm is on his guards and intentionally misleads Macduff in order to test his allegiance. Malcom states that black Macbeth / Will seem pure as snow (4.3.52-53) when compared to him. His voluptuousness for women will have no ending (4.3.60-61) and his avarice will be insatiable (4.3.78). Macduffs reaction to these proclaimed vices makes him lose hope Since that the truest issue of thy [Scotland] throne / By his [Malcolm] own interdiction stands accused, / And does blaspheme his breed? (4.3.106-108. After this affirmation from Macduff, Malcolm is satisfied and finally explains that he has tainted himself to test his fellows integrity and adds that he has none of these vices (4.3.114-133). Even though Macduff can now fully collaborate with Malcolm, there are indications that suggest that he becomes hesitant whether or not he should do so: Such hard welcome and unwelcome things at once / Tis hard to reconcile (4.3.138-139). This is perhaps a result of the ambiguity of Malcolms words; after so much foulness, how can he be certain that his sudden change to fairness is true and everlasting? This distrust might be justified since at the end of Malcolms redemption there is a hint of dishonest virtues residing in him:I am yet Unknown to woman, never was forsworn, Scarcely have conveted what was mine one, At no time broke my faith, would not betray The Devil to his fellow, and delightNo less in truth than life(4.3.125-130).In this passage Malcolm presents himself as perfectly clear of any of the vices he enumerated earlier. This statement from him does not necessarily me an that he is as devilish as Macbeth is, but his lack of humility is an indication that he might be deceitful in future times. For these reasons, the use of words that can be understood in more than one way is a fine method to mislead the audience as well as the characters of a play, since they must confront situations where they must rely on ambiguous facts.Shakespeares intention for ambiguity can also be observed through the staging conventions and settings of his play. The Gates of Hell, portrayed by the porter of Inverness (2.3.1-19) is quite evocative for the Christian audience of the period; it reminds St. Peter who was the porter of the Gates of Heaven (Brooke 79-80). By inversing the roles of the judge of Heaven to a judge of Hell, Shakespeare is probably parodying the necessity for a judge in Heaven as there would be more to do in Hell. Actually, if we consider all the characters of the play, it is striking how many characters show evil traits that can be perceived at l east once; the only character that is exempt from any form of malice is King Edward, who serves as a foil. Darkness is a staging convention that symbolizes well the irrationality of the world of Macbeth. Ross, during his dialogue with the Old Man, reveals well the extent of darkness in the play:By th clock tis day, And yet dark night strangles the traveling lamp; Ist nights predominance, or the days shame,That darkness does the face of earth entomb When living light should kiss it? (2.4.6-10)The personification of light is used to put emphasis on the illegitimate and evil reign of Macbeth and foreshadows the dark following times to come. The principle of ambiguity can be observed when Ross questions if it is nights [evil] predominance, or the days [good] shame (2.4.8) that is responsible for the supremacy of evil. Ross is a least capable of identifying the coming of evil, but is incapable to explain it. He is lost in the fog of uncertainty, just as the audience is.The behaviors and relationships of Shakespeares characters in Macbeth follow the unwritten logic of uncertainty. The most striking contradiction is enacted by Macbeth and his wife. Even tough at the beginning we can sense a tainted evil present in Macbeth, when he unfalteringly slays his enemies (1.2.7-23), we can assume by his fearing reaction to the idea of killing Duncan (1.1.140) that his conscience keeps him on the good side. On the other hand, his wife clearly reveals her fires and asks the spirit of evil to unsex me here (1.5.40), revealing her malicious intentions. She seems to know her husband will fail to accomplish his destiny and clearly states she will push him: [. . .] That I may pour my spirits in thine ear, / And chastise with the valour of my tongue / All that impedes thee from the golden rounds, [. . .] (1.5.25-27). However, as the play progresses, Macbeth and his wife interchange position. This change becomes evident when Macbeth chooses not to tell his wife of his inte ntions to slay Banquo (3.22.48-59) and when she sleepwalks because of her torments (5.1). Macbeth then becomes the figure of authority for evil and Lady Macbeth metamorphoses herself into the weaker vessel of St. Peter (3.7). What began as being fair ends up foul and vice-versa. The character of Macbeth also portrays the leitmotif of the play. His good side can be observed on many occasions when he states he wishes not to advance any further in the process of killing Duncan (1.7.30-34) or when he asks the stone on the ground the prevent him from committing the crime (Brooke 125). Macbeth is even incapable to complete the murder of Duncan because of his conscience (2.2.49-51), which reveals some kindness that has stayed in him. However there is much evidence of his wickedness that must be taken into account. The regicide and murder of Banquo, the bloody battle against Macdonald and the brutal murder of Macduffs wife (4.1.165-171) are all indications of Macbeths mischief. Ther efore, Macbeths personality is an amalgam of contradicting traits; because of his fair and foul traits, his alignment is nothing less than ambiguous.Shakespeare has also implanted many cliches in his play that reminds the leitmotif. Just before the murder of Duncan, Macbeth openly states to his wife that a False face must hide what the false heart doth know (1.7.89). In other words, Macbeth simply describes the mechanism of treason and lies; a morally wrong person deceives his victim by presenting himself as kind. Macduff also refers to this belief when he openly suggests that unfelt sorrow is an office Which the false man does easy (2.3.138-139). It is interesting how close these statements are to the thematic. They remind us of the similarities between treason or lies with the leitmotif. Indeed, when you lie or betray someone, you hide your real intentions behind a false mask. You hide your foulness behind fairness.It is now more than evident that Shakespeare has intentiona lly placed ambiguities in his play, either to mislead its characters or the audience. Because of the resulting uncertainty, it becomes quite difficult to rely on any moral values since all events are not what they seem to be. How many times in our lifetime have we been deceived by seemingly unmistakable facts? The reason why they seemed to be unmistakable is because of the subjectivity of our point of view, we all tend to see things as we want them to be.Works CitedBrooke, Nicholas, editor. The Tragedy of Macbeth. By William Shakespeare. 1990.Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998.Equivocate. The Paperback Oxford English Dictionary. 1rst ed. 2001.Irony. Def.1. The Paperback Oxford English Dictionary. 1rst ed. 2001.Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. Ed. Nicholas Brooke. 1990. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1998.The Holy Bible. Revised Standard Version. New York: New American Library,1962.

Nur Misuari †Founding Leader and Chairman of the Central...

Nur Misuari Introduction Nurallaji (Nur) Misuari was born on March 3, 1942 in Jolo, the fourth son in a family of 10 children. His parents were simple Tau Sug and Sama fisherfolks from Kabinga-an, Tapul Island. According to friends, Nur was so poor that he could never have gone to college were it not for a kindly teacher in Jolo who recognized his potentials and pulled off a scholarship for him as a Commission on National Integration (CNI) scholar at the University of the Philippines (UP) in Manila. Nur recalls being an ordinary child without ambition. All I wanted was to go to school and serve my family. In 1958, Nur left Jolo to attend the university, where friends say he was soft spoken, reserved, and a disciplined student.†¦show more content†¦Training as a Revolutionary The Malaysian government of Tunku Abdul Rahman, on the other hand, responded to the incident by promising Muslim leaders, especially Sultan Haroun Al-Raschid Lucman, the Congressman from Lanao, that it would help train and provide arms to dedicated young Muslims. Nur Misuari, together with Abul Khayr Alonto, were part of the first batch of 90 young Muslims, composed of 67 Maranaos, 8 Maguindanaos, and 15 Tausug-Samal, recruited by MIM leaders and Lucman, who began military training in Pulao Pangkor, Malaysia, by Malaysian officers, in 1969. In the midst of their military training, this group of 90 conducted political discussions and analysis of Moro history and aspirations of an independent state, among themselves. Thus was the conception of the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). This group of 90 later became the hardcore of the Bangsa Moro Army (BMA), the military arm of the MNLF. Within this period of training, without the knowledge of Rashid Lucman and the MIM leaders who had recruited them, the group organized a seven-man Provisional Central Committee, electing Nur Misuari as Chairman and Abul Khayr Alonto as Vice Chairman. The other major portfolios were given to Otto Salahuddin of Basilan, Ali Wali of Zamboanga. Hashim Salamat was tasked to head the undivided Empire Province of Cotabato where a provincial committee was set up immediately. Upon the arrival of the first batch

Obesity in Our Children - 597 Words

Over the past years obesity has become of a great concern for pediatricians across America. Obesity, once known as a sign of a disorder that afflicted a very small population, is one of today’s top ranking diseases. It does not discriminate affecting people of all ethnics, genders, socio-economic status and ages. Obese children have to make difficult decisions in terms of what they should or should not eat. They don’t understand why having a scoop of ice cream is unhealthy when they see the other children enjoying it. Why has childhood obesity incidence increase over the past years? Why is it beginning at such an early stage of life? Obesity is known to have a genetic etiology but this is not the only cause for the disease. Children are more commonly affected by this disease due to the early introduction of solid foods during infancy, the use of formula milk vs. breast milk, or the introduction of sugary drinks to the infant’s diet. The nutritional requirements for a person from 0 to 4 months are in the breast milk. Before this age the newborn does not need any other type of nutrient to meet his daily demands. In fact, â€Å"the introduction of solid foods earlier than 4 months of age is associated with increased body fat or weight in childhood† (Wilson et al., 1998). Parents often employ techniques to make the newborn sleep for longer hours at night. One of these techniques is to add one or two spoons of cereal to the last bottle of milk creating a thicker meal.Show MoreRelatedEpidemic of Obesity in Our Children2399 Words   |  10 PagesObesity in Our Children Introduction In today’s ever changing world is important to understand the statistics behind obesity. Today the number of children that are overweight continues to increase. â€Å"The percentage of overweight children in the United States is alarming, with one out of three now considered either overweight or obese† Nemours (2012). 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Leadership Styles and Organizational Commitment †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Leadership Styles and Organizational Commitment. Answer: Introduction Google LLC is can be characterized among one of the biggest multinational companies based in America. The organization mainly specializes in providing the internet related products and services that incorporates technologies of online advertising, search engine, software and various hardware and cloud computing platforms. The company was founded by Larry Page and Sergy Bin in the year 1998. The both of them own nearly 14% of the total share of the company and controls 56% of the stockholders power of voting through the stock of supervoting (Pearlson et al. 2016). This assignment will evaluate the mission and vision statement of Google LLC and at the same time will reflect on the understanding gained through the evaluation of these statements. On an added notion the leadership style adopted by the management of the organization in order to accomplish the vision will also be elaborated along with the suitable strategies that have been enacted to strengthen the leadership style. In the second part of the assignment the structural framework of the organization will be discussed along with the decision making processes that are being used by the company for maintaining its competitive edge. Evaluation of the Mission and Vision Statement The brief mission of the company is to organize the information around the world and make that easily accessible and useful to the users of the service. On the other hand, the vision or goal of the Google LLC is to develop the services of the company in such a way that it becomes able to improve the life of as much people as possible (Pisano, 2017). Google LLC is always regarded as an organization which is famously unstructured and possesses a unique operation style. However, the organization may be unusually structured but it maintains a systematic ordering from the bottom to the up. Its key focus always remain on what is new and exciting and how one can win with his or her own ideas (Rothaermel, 2015). In order to accomplish the mission of the company the board of directors followed a usual route in order to increase their managerial freedom. In order to maintain clarity and equal access to information the directors also informed the shareholders with an open letter that Google was not a conventional company and it did not intend to become one of them as well. This specific managerial structure can be regarded as the perfect and most suitable one for accomplishing the mission of accruing all the information around the world and incorporating those information within a single platform. It is mandatory to maintain a transparency between the management and the stakeholders which in turn motivates each and every one involved with the organization to work hard towards achieving the organizational mission and consider the mission of the organization as a shared goal. This has significantly contributed in accomplishing the goal of the organization as well (Uhl Gollenia, 2016). In the competitive environment people are striving for useful information and incorporating the useful information around the world into a single platform will substantially help Google to contribute towards the betterment of peoples life. In order to maintain the managerial structure and achieve the desired organizational outcome from the very beginning Google LLC has followed the transformational leadership style. The key attributes of which can be identified as achieving the goals and objectives in various unfamiliar ways. The organization believes in the mantra that if one cannot innovate anything in-house it is better to buy that which in contrast is opposite to Apple Inc which strictly believes in in-house innovation (Popli Rizvi, 2016). In other words the attributes of transformational leadership style can be stated as under this style the leader first identifies the areas where changes are needed to be implemented and works in coordination with the employees together at the same time through inspiring and motivating them the leader brings about those changes. In order to substantiate the leadership style Google has also enacted a few strategies which helps to strengthen the leadership and management structure of the organization. A few key strategies can be stated as follows, People who work with the organization are motivated in such a way that they strive to support the organization in retaining the position of King of search. Google considers a two way relationship between technology and strategy. Strategy is considered ass technology and vice versa (Yahaya and Ebrahim, 2016). The core strategy of Google is to acquire information, record the information, analyze it and applying the inner framework of the organization helps it to achieve the desired outcome. One of the most noteworthy strategy that supports the managerial framework is that the organization has never considered itself as a search engine it always believed that it is working on organizing available information throughout the world and making them useful and accessible to the people (Zareen et al. 2015). This in turn enabled its managers of workers to believe that that are working towards a noble purpose. Evaluation of the strategic management concepts used by Google LLC for maintaining its competitive edge The key for maintaining the strategic management structure of Google is that its bottom up structured here all the employees from all the levels play an important role in the process of strategy designing. Google LLC has designed its strategic framework in a way so that it works in association with the bottom-up process of developing strategies and approximates the logical incrementalism process. Presently the strategic planning has become more project oriented and complex in in nature (Al Sahi et al. 2016). Another feature of the strategic development of Google LLC is that it believes in developing a strategy through the process of experimentation and learning or which is called learning by doing. It first creates a number of small self-managed teams where knowledge is shared freely and the key norm is experimentation. Then it applies the principle of 70-20-10 which means 70% of the engineering resources would be devoted by Google in order to develop the core business while 20% will be used to develop that core area and 10% will be allocated to the fringe ideas (Notgrass 2014). The result of this the employees of Google becomes able to spend significant time working on the projects of their own choice. From this aspect it can be stated that Google LLC through the application of such a designed strategic framework became able to obtain a highly motivated workforce who are full of creativity, knowledge and the ability to invent. The organization faces steep competition in order to deal with which it follows a few strategies which are mentioned below, Hiring the best of the best employees because on the basis of their talent Google is flourishing and will continue to flourish in future. Protecting the intellectual property of the organization while increasing the rich portfolio of patents through the acquisition of new companies (Effelsberg et al. 2014). Continuously developing new knowledge and encouraging learning and incorporating those into new products and services. Conclusion On a concluding note it can be stated that the assignment has successfully investigated the strategic framework and the leadership structure followed by the organization. While conducting the study it has been observed that the structural framework of the company may seem to be unusual but it is highly organized and maintains a proper coordination between each of the department. For instance the leadership style adopted by the management is supported through set of strategies while the strategic framework is designed in a way that it encourages innovativeness and creativity which is also an integral part of the transformational leadership style. Reference List Al Sahi AL Zaabi, M. S., Ahmad, K. Z., Hossan, C. (2016). Authentic leadership, work engagement and organizational citizenship behaviors in petroleum company.International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management,65(6), 811-830. Effelsberg, D., Solga, M., Gurt, J. (2014). Transformational leadership and followers unethical behavior for the benefit of the company: A two-study investigation.Journal of Business Ethics,120(1), 81-93. Notgrass, D. (2014). The relationship between followers perceived quality of relationship and preferred leadership style.Leadership Organization Development Journal,35(7), 605-621. Pearlson, K. E., Saunders, C. S., Galletta, D. F. (2016).Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Pisano, G. P. (2017). Toward a prescriptive theory of dynamic capabilities: connecting strategic choice, learning, and competition.Industrial and Corporate Change,26(5), 747-762. Popli, S., Rizvi, I. A. (2016). Drivers of employee engagement: The role of leadership style.Global Business Review,17(4), 965-979. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. McGraw-Hill Education. Uhl, A., Gollenia, L. A. (2016).Digital enterprise transformation: A business-driven approach to leveraging innovative IT. Routledge. Yahaya, R. and Ebrahim, F., 2016. Leadership styles and organizational commitment: literature review.Journal of Management Development,35(2), pp.190-216. Zareen, M., Razzaq, K., Mujtaba, B. G. (2015). Impact of transactional, transformational and laissez-faire leadership styles on motivation: A quantitative study of banking employees in Pakistan.Public Organization Review,15(4), 531-549.